LEATHER
No other natural material on earth can substitute the abrasion and tear resistance properties of leather. 
One of the most versatile, elegant and probably the longest-wearing natural material, made by tanning animals’ rawhides and skins, Leather has an elegant look, feels sensuous and brings prestige with its special feel and aroma. It is also Supple, renewable, eco-friendly, durable, water repellant, soft in touch and abrasion resistive, Leather is also resistant to flexing, wet and dry abrasion, fire, fungi and chemical attacks which makes it a distinctive and unique degree of quality material.
Leather is a product made from the skin of animals with a large number of complex treatments, become usable and rot-proof. Hide or skin with its original fibrous structure more or less intact, the hair or wool may, or may not, have been removed. It is also made from a hide or skin that has been split into layers or segmented either before or after tanning. From a microscopic point of view, the skin can be seen as a tight interweaving of numerous collagen fibers, representing the external envelope of living beings. 
There are extensive factors influencing the quality of leather: the animal's diet and nutrition; the age and sex of the animal; the climate; the presence of viruses, fungal diseases, and parasites; the care taken during slaughter; the flaying; the tanning chemicals used; the dyes and stains used; and the shipping and handling methods are just some of those factors.
GRAIN LEATHER
Finest flawless hides with no scratches, marks or other imperfections, neither sanded nor buffed, composed of finely packed and tight dense fibers, characterized by smooth surface, grain leather is the strongest and most durable outermost layer and the highest quality of leather. It has excellent fiber structure which gives it high tensile strength, strongest durability, flexible, resistance to tear and a softer feel, giving it a unique and appealing texture and feel. Being the strongest and outermost layer full grain leather lasts much longer. As grain leather ages, rather than wearing out, it burnishes and beautifies, developing a patina and unique character that cannot be easily duplicated. It is usually impossible to tear a grain leather by hand.
It’s the entire hide of the animal once the hair is removed and the material is tanned. Keeping the grain in its entirety, rather than being sanded away to look more ‘uniform’, full grain leather is durable and lasts much longer. Full-grain leather is considered to be of higher quality, because the surface is more natural and the thickness of the colors layer is usually less. 
On the smooth, unaltered surface, you can even see the pores and small hair follicles which indicates that the leather is of a high quality. Other characteristics to take note of are fat wrinkles or growth lines, natural variations in the grain texture, shading and small scar.
SPLIT LEATHER
Split leather is leather created from the fibrous part of the hide left, once the top-grain of the rawhide has been separated from the hide. In thicker hides, usually 5-10 mm, mostly of cowhide or buffalo hide the drop split can be further split into a middle split and a flesh split and is made by process of grinding and splitting the hide. It is coarsely packed dense fibers with a nappy appearance. Unlike grain leather, splits have a nice velour-like, smooth structure. Split-leather has high abrasion resistance, more water resistant than grain leather, naturally puncture resistant, flexible and heat resistive. No synthetic product offers anything close to its level of abrasion resistance. In many cases, split leather enables leather manufacturers to provide more cost-effective products with affordable prices to customers. The quality of a split leather is lower than the top grain leather and is also less durable in long terms. It is slightly less flexible then the top layers of the hide, but much more affordable. 
COWSKIN LEATHER
One of the thickest types, most common and abundant leather source, Cow leather accounts for its strength and durability among the most versatile materials. Cow leather is stable, firm, thicker, stronger, excellent for its appearance, texture, durability, and comfort. and less prone to cracking than other leather. It does not have the flexibility or stretch as much as goatskin does. For insulation properties, you’d get more warmth from cowhide than you would from goatskin leather. The tough, interlocking structure of cow hide helps maintain its look and covers a wide spectrum of textures and quality, but generally, it is easy to care for and resistant to water and dirt. The typical density of a cow leather skin is between 0.4 and 0.9 g/cm3 and the tensile strength of cow leather is between 8 - 25 N/mm². Cow leather is the most widely used leather and accounts for about 65 to 70% of world production. 
Cowhide is, in fact, cheaper than other leathers made out of different animal skin. Cowhide is the most popular for a reason, it is the most impervious and durable leather available on the market.
BUFFALOSKIN LEATHER
With an epidermal protective layer up to three times thicker than cow hide and as much as an inch of widely-spaced sub-dermal collagen fibers, buffalo leather provides unsurpassed strength and flexibility. Buffalo leather differs from cowhide in thickness and flexibility, 40% stronger than traditional cowhide and is unparalleled in its softness, strength, and durability which translates into exceptionally comfortable. Buffalo leather has thicker single fibers, but is not so closely interwoven. It is nevertheless a stable and sturdy leather. Buffalo leather has a beautiful appearance and durable enough to easily survive the test of time as the fibers are thicker and more widely-spaced giving it a unique and appealing texture and feel.  A carefully chosen oil Content gives this hide the perfect firmness for bags and offers a slight pull-up effect that looks even better. It is flame resistant and will not readily burn or melt. Buffalo Leather is 2-3 times thicker than cowhide, making it one of the strongest leathers you can buy. 
GOATSKIN LEATHER
Goat leather also called “Morocco leather” has a compact grain with its finer fiber, tight grain and firm structural surface. This structure of the leather gives the hide a distinctive tight grainy texture with ridges, resembling to pebbles. Goatskin is a type of leather known to be one of the most resilient leathers, based on softness, strength and lightweight qualities. It is strong, durable, excellent tear resistance, comfortable, naturally breathable, water resistant and quite economical leather. The high lanolin content of goatskin makes it a very supple leather.  Goatskin is slightly softer and tougher than cow leather. Goat leather is therefore more valuable than sheep leather. Goat leather is ranked third in the world after cow leather and sheep leather with approximately 8 to 10% of world production.
SHEEPSKIN LEATHER 
Sheepskin leather, also known as lambskin or shearling, is a kind of leather derived from the hide of sheep. Sheepskin is characterized by its fleece on one side and leather on the flipside. Sheepskin leather, being soft and smooth to the touch, offers a luxurious light-weight and suppleness that contribute to wearable comfort. Another property of this type of animal skin is that it contains a natural temperature regulator and some form of moisture control. Sheepskin, to an above-average degree, is resistant to dirt, bugs, and mold. Lastly, another notable characteristic of sheepskin is that it naturally contains lanolin, a basic substance that is also present in human skin. This helps heal sensitive or inflamed skin. Furthermore, this lanolin in natural sheepskin gives it a self-cleaning or anti-bacterial quality, even when it is just hung out to dry in fresh air. Sheep leather has a thickness of 1 - 3 mm and a size of 0.3 - 1.0 sqm. It makes up about 12% of the total leather production around the world.
DEERSKIN LEATHER
Deer skin has natural characteristics of softness that cannot be found elsewhere. The hide generally has about a half-inch of fur on one side, and the underside of the skin feels similar to a soft suede. Deer skin has elongated interwoven fibers that make it strong and resistant to tears or abrasion. The spaces between its fibers make it soft and comfortable when used over a wide range of temperatures. Besides being so soft, it is breathable and flexible and, moreover, extremely resistant to mechanical type forces. Deerskin is also ultra-soft, supple, and comfortable with a spongy feel. It is lightweight, yet highly durable. Deerskin is one of the only leathers that can get wet and still dry soft. Despite the rather difficult and time-consuming process of producing the material, a finished deer hide is one of the softest, warmest and most durable leathers.
SUEDE LEATHER
Split leather made with a surface nap of small, raised fibers that are soft to touch, it is usually the middle layers of the hide, and often dyed various colors. It’s the soft and fuzzy underside of hide. These fibers are sanded to form a “fuzzy”, velvety surface on the leather. The suede material is made by turning leather upside down so this fuzzy side is face up.  Most commonly, it comes from sheep, but also from deer, goats and calves. The thin innermost layer is cut off to create a thin, soft material. Technically, this layer doesn’t have to be cut off; however, that would leave a thick, less pliable leather which usually isn’t preferred for suede products.
LEATHER

No other natural material on earth can substitute the abrasion and tear resistance properties of leather. 

 

One of the most versatile, elegant and probably the longest-wearing natural material, made by tanning animals’ rawhides and skins, Leather has an elegant look, feels sensuous and brings prestige with its special feel and aroma. It is also Supple, renewable, eco-friendly, durable, water repellant, soft in touch and abrasion resistive, Leather is also resistant to flexing, wet and dry abrasion, fire, fungi and chemical attacks which makes it a distinctive and unique degree of quality material.

 

Leather is a product made from the skin of animals with a large number of complex treatments, become usable and rot-proof. Hide or skin with its original fibrous structure more or less intact, the hair or wool may, or may not, have been removed. It is also made from a hide or skin that has been split into layers or segmented either before or after tanning. From a microscopic point of view, the skin can be seen as a tight interweaving of numerous collagen fibers, representing the external envelope of living beings. 

 

There are extensive factors influencing the quality of leather: the animal's diet and nutrition; the age and sex of the animal; the climate; the presence of viruses, fungal diseases, and parasites; the care taken during slaughter; the flaying; the tanning chemicals used; the dyes and stains used; and the shipping and handling methods are just some of those factors.
 
 
GRAIN LEATHER

Finest flawless hides with no scratches, marks or other imperfections, neither sanded nor buffed, composed of finely packed and tight dense fibers, characterized by smooth surface, grain leather is the strongest and most durable outermost layer and the highest quality of leather. It has excellent fiber structure which gives it high tensile strength, strongest durability, flexible, resistance to tear and a softer feel, giving it a unique and appealing texture and feel. Being the strongest and outermost layer full grain leather lasts much longer. As grain leather ages, rather than wearing out, it burnishes and beautifies, developing a patina and unique character that cannot be easily duplicated. It is usually impossible to tear a grain leather by hand.
 

It’s the entire hide of the animal once the hair is removed and the material is tanned. Keeping the grain in its entirety, rather than being sanded away to look more ‘uniform’, full grain leather is durable and lasts much longer. Full-grain leather is considered to be of higher quality, because the surface is more natural and the thickness of the colors layer is usually less. 



On the smooth, unaltered surface, you can even see the pores and small hair follicles which indicates that the leather is of a high quality. Other characteristics to take note of are fat wrinkles or growth lines, natural variations in the grain texture, shading and small scar.

 
 
SPLIT LEATHER

Split leather is leather created from the fibrous part of the hide left, once the top-grain of the rawhide has been separated from the hide. In thicker hides, usually 5-10 mm, mostly of cowhide or buffalo hide the drop split can be further split into a middle split and a flesh split and is made by process of grinding and splitting the hide. It is coarsely packed dense fibers with a nappy appearance. Unlike grain leather, splits have a nice velour-like, smooth structure. Split-leather has high abrasion resistance, more water resistant than grain leather, naturally puncture resistant, flexible and heat resistive. No synthetic product offers anything close to its level of abrasion resistance. In many cases, split leather enables leather manufacturers to provide more cost-effective products with affordable prices to customers. The quality of a split leather is lower than the top grain leather and is also less durable in long terms. It is slightly less flexible then the top layers of the hide, but much more affordable. 
 
COWHIDE LEATHER

One of the thickest types, most common and abundant leather source, Cow leather accounts for its strength and durability among the most versatile materials. Cow leather is stable, firm, thicker, stronger, excellent for its appearance, texture, durability, and comfort. and less prone to cracking than other leather. It does not have the flexibility or stretch as much as goatskin does. For insulation properties, you’d get more warmth from cowhide than you would from goatskin leather. The tough, interlocking structure of cow hide helps maintain its look and covers a wide spectrum of textures and quality, but generally, it is easy to care for and resistant to water and dirt. The typical density of a cow leather skin is between 0.4 and 0.9 g/cm3 and the tensile strength of cow leather is between 8 - 25 N/mm². Cow leather is the most widely used leather and accounts for about 65 to 70% of world production. 

Cowhide is, in fact, cheaper than other leathers made out of different animal skin. Cowhide is the most popular for a reason, it is the most impervious and durable leather available on the market.

 
BUFFALOHIDE LEATHER
With an epidermal protective layer up to three times thicker than cow hide and as much as an inch of widely-spaced sub-dermal collagen fibers, buffalo leather provides unsurpassed strength and flexibility. Buffalo leather differs from cowhide in thickness and flexibility, 40% stronger than traditional cowhide and is unparalleled in its softness, strength, and durability which translates into exceptionally comfortable. Buffalo leather has thicker single fibers, but is not so closely interwoven. It is nevertheless a stable and sturdy leather. Buffalo leather has a beautiful appearance and durable enough to easily survive the test of time as the fibers are thicker and more widely-spaced giving it a unique and appealing texture and feel.  A carefully chosen oil Content gives this hide the perfect firmness for bags and offers a slight pull-up effect that looks even better. It is flame resistant and will not readily burn or melt. Buffalo Leather is 2-3 times thicker than cowhide, making it one of the strongest leathers you can buy. 
 
GOATSKIN LEATHER

Goat leather also called “Morocco leather” has a compact grain with its finer fiber, tight grain and firm structural surface. This structure of the leather gives the hide a distinctive tight grainy texture with ridges, resembling to pebbles. Goatskin is a type of leather known to be one of the most resilient leathers, based on softness, strength and lightweight qualities. It is strong, durable, excellent tear resistance, comfortable, naturally breathable, water resistant and quite economical leather. The high lanolin content of goatskin makes it a very supple leather.  Goatskin is slightly softer and tougher than cow leather. Goat leather is therefore more valuable than sheep leather. Goat leather is ranked third in the world after cow leather and sheep leather with approximately 8 to 10% of world production.
 
SHEEPSKIN LEATHER 

Sheepskin leather, also known as lambskin or shearling, is a kind of leather derived from the hide of sheep. Sheepskin is characterized by its fleece on one side and leather on the flipside. Sheepskin leather, being soft and smooth to the touch, offers a luxurious light-weight and suppleness that contribute to wearable comfort. Another property of this type of animal skin is that it contains a natural temperature regulator and some form of moisture control. Sheepskin, to an above-average degree, is resistant to dirt, bugs, and mold. Lastly, another notable characteristic of sheepskin is that it naturally contains lanolin, a basic substance that is also present in human skin. This helps heal sensitive or inflamed skin. Furthermore, this lanolin in natural sheepskin gives it a self-cleaning or anti-bacterial quality, even when it is just hung out to dry in fresh air. Sheep leather has a thickness of 1 - 3 mm and a size of 0.3 - 1.0 sqm. It makes up about 12% of the total leather production around the world.

 
DEERSKIN LEATHER

Deer skin has natural characteristics of softness that cannot be found elsewhere. The hide generally has about a half-inch of fur on one side, and the underside of the skin feels similar to a soft suede. Deer skin has elongated interwoven fibers that make it strong and resistant to tears or abrasion. The spaces between its fibers make it soft and comfortable when used over a wide range of temperatures. Besides being so soft, it is breathable and flexible and, moreover, extremely resistant to mechanical type forces. Deerskin is also ultra-soft, supple, and comfortable with a spongy feel. It is lightweight, yet highly durable. Deerskin is one of the only leathers that can get wet and still dry soft. Despite the rather difficult and time-consuming process of producing the material, a finished deer hide is one of the softest, warmest and most durable leathers.

 
SUEDE LEATHER

Split leather made with a surface nap of small, raised fibers that are soft to touch, it is usually the middle layers of the hide, and often dyed various colors. It’s the soft and fuzzy underside of hide. These fibers are sanded to form a “fuzzy”, velvety surface on the leather. The suede material is made by turning leather upside down so this fuzzy side is face up.  Most commonly, it comes from sheep, but also from deer, goats and calves. The thin innermost layer is cut off to create a thin, soft material. Technically, this layer doesn’t have to be cut off; however, that would leave a thick, less pliable leather which usually isn’t preferred for suede products.